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create table parent ( a int primary key auto_increment, b int not null, c int not null, unique(b) using hash, index(c)) engine = ndb; create table child ( a int primary key auto_increment, b int not null, c int not null, unique(b) using hash, index(c)) engine = ndb; alter table child add constraint fkname foreign key (a) references parent (a) on delete cascade on update restrict; insert into parent values (1,1,1),(2,2,2); insert into child values (1,1,1),(2,2,2); insert into child values (3,3,3); ERROR 23000: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (Unknown error code) begin; delete from parent where a = 1; select * from child order by 1,2,3; a b c 2 2 2 commit; delete from child; delete from parent; alter table child drop foreign key fkname; alter table child add constraint fkname foreign key (b) references parent (a) on delete cascade on update restrict; insert into parent values (1,1,1),(2,2,2); insert into child values (1,1,1),(2,2,2); insert into child values (3,3,3); ERROR 23000: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (Unknown error code) update child set b = 3 where a = 1; ERROR 23000: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (Unknown error code) begin; delete from parent where a = 1; select * from child order by 1,2,3; a b c 2 2 2 commit; delete from child; delete from parent; alter table child drop foreign key fkname; alter table child add constraint fkname foreign key (a) references parent (b) on delete cascade on update restrict; insert into parent values (1,1,1),(2,2,2); insert into child values (1,1,1),(2,2,2); insert into child values (3,3,3); ERROR 23000: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (Unknown error code) update parent set b = 3 where a = 1; ERROR 23000: Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails (Unknown error code) begin; delete from parent where a = 1; select * from child order by 1,2,3; a b c 2 2 2 commit; delete from child; delete from parent; alter table child drop foreign key fkname; alter table child add constraint fkname foreign key (b) references parent (b) on delete cascade on update restrict; insert into parent values (1,1,1),(2,2,2); insert into child values (1,1,1),(2,2,2); update child set b = 3 where a = 1; ERROR 23000: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (Unknown error code) insert into child values (3,3,3); ERROR 23000: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (Unknown error code) update parent set b = 3 where a = 1; ERROR 23000: Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails (Unknown error code) begin; delete from parent where a = 1; select * from child order by 1,2,3; a b c 2 2 2 commit; delete from child; delete from parent; alter table child drop foreign key fkname; alter table child add constraint fkname foreign key (c) references parent (a) on delete cascade on update restrict; insert into parent values (1,1,1),(2,2,2); insert into child values (1,1,1),(2,2,2); update child set c = 3 where a = 1; ERROR 23000: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (Unknown error code) insert into child values (3,3,3); ERROR 23000: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (Unknown error code) begin; delete from parent where a = 1; select * from child order by 1,2,3; a b c 2 2 2 commit; delete from child; delete from parent; alter table child drop foreign key fkname; alter table child add constraint fkname foreign key (c) references parent (b) on delete cascade on update restrict; insert into parent values (1,1,1),(2,2,2); insert into child values (1,1,1),(2,2,2); update child set c = 3 where a = 1; ERROR 23000: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (Unknown error code) insert into child values (3,3,3); ERROR 23000: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (Unknown error code) update parent set b = 3 where a = 1; ERROR 23000: Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails (Unknown error code) begin; delete from parent where a = 1; select * from child order by 1,2,3; a b c 2 2 2 commit; insert into parent values (1,1,1); insert into child values (1,1,1); insert into child select a+2,a+2,1+(a % 2) from child; insert into child select a+4,a+4,1+(a % 2) from child; insert into child select a+8,a+8,1+(a % 2) from child; insert into child select a+16,a+16,1+(a % 2) from child; insert into child select a+32,a+32,1+(a % 2) from child; insert into child select a+64,a+64,1+(a % 2) from child; select c, count(*) from child group by c order by 1,2; c count(*) 1 64 2 64 delete from parent where a = 1; select c, count(*) from child group by c order by 1,2; c count(*) 2 64 delete from parent where a = 2; delete from child; delete from parent; alter table child drop foreign key fkname; drop table parent, child;